Web Programming Languages in 2020: Every brand needs an attractive, sales maximizing website. Whether you’re a small business or a well-established company, chances are people search your company online.
If there is no website, well, you might just lose a potential client. In this digital era, technology is a new way to reach and incentivize customers. Thus, every kind of business must own a highly functional and professionally designed website.
The website development process starts with choosing the best-suited programming language. In this blog, we thoroughly discuss the top programming languages of 2020. But, before we dive in, let’s quickly what programming understand language actually is.
What Is A Programming Language?
A programming language is a set of logical instructions. It guides computers to perform certain tasks. Softwares, websites, mobile apps, etc utilizes these languages for development. Web programming refers to writing code or scripts, leveraged by a web browser. It consists of web content, web client, server scripting, and security.
Web programming helps in converting a static webpage into a dynamic sensation. It requires client/server scripting, application knowledge, and database to function. The main types of website development are client-side scripting and server-side scripting. Both allow communication and data exchange in website coding.
Client-side Scripting
Client-side Scripting, also known as front end, runs code on a web browser, without a server. Basically, the code is embedded inside an HTML markup code. The user’s browser temporarily downloads the code and processes it. This decreases the load on the server as it uses the browser as a host. The most favoured client-side language is Javascript. It contains a vast range of frameworks such as Angular JS, Reacts, and Ember JS.
Server-side Scripting
Server-side language operates at the back of the site which means all tasks happen at the webserver. It is mainly responsible for data retrieval and security. Server-side scripting also offers website customization. Along with, updating content, and responding to the client’s queries. There are a variety of back-end languages in the market such as PHP and Python. We will discuss them in detail in a bit.
How To Pick The Right Programming Language?
The world of coding is ever-evolving with newer languages, emerging day by day. This makes it harder to select a language with utmost efficiency. Listed below are certain factors to consider while choosing a web programming language. Flexibility
A website undergoes several requirements changes during its development. New features are added and previous ones are modified. Therefore, one should always choose a language which can easily incorporate new functions into the existing code.
Cross-Browser Compatibility
Programming languages do not behave the same on all web browsers. HTML 5 works differently across different browsers. Contrarily, React implements a completely distinct DOM system. And is therefore independent of any browser. It is recommended to adopt a language with lesser cross-browser compatibility issues.
Availability of IDE
We suggest selecting a language with an IDE(Integrated Development Environment). It helps enhance the productivity and efficiency of a programmer.
Purpose
What is the nature of your website? Is it an eCommerce store or a static website? Different programming languages are designed to meet the specific objectives of a project. For dynamic web applications, PHP and Asp.net are a perfect match. For web portals, Ruby, PHP, and Java are good choices.
Maintenance And Support
Always pick a language that is easy to debug, extend, and maintain. Usually, object-oriented programming languages are preferred over procedural oriented language for that reason.
Top Programming Languages for Web Development
JavaScript
When we talk about client-side languages, the first one that comes to mind is Javascript. It is a dynamic programming language with object-oriented attributes. The scripting language is fast and lightweight. It is most commonly used to create complex and creative features like maps, 2D/3d graphics, scrolling video, and much more. It is an event-based language.
It is triggered when a user performs a certain action. Together with HTML and CSS, it is one of the key web technologies of www(World Wide Web). The language comes with cross-browser compatibility, which means it is supported by almost all browsers. Initially, Java script was introduced as LiveScript, in 1995.
Later, Netscape (an American computer service company) changed its name to Javascript. From that moment onwards, it has been the most trending language in developing games and desktop applications. Big companies that leveraged Javascript include Uber, eBay, and Netflix, Google, and YouTube. This language is ideal for businesses in which users interact with the site daily.
Advantages
- Fast development
- Executed at client-side
- Easy to understand the syntax
- Rich Interface Interactivity
Disadvantages
- Visible code
- Prone to Malicious attack
Python
Python is user-friendly and doesn’t need a compiler to run. It is a server-side language. It offers advanced features like memory management, huge library, and programming paradigms support. Artificial intelligence and machine learning integration are extremely convenient with Python.
A few companies that used Python include Instagram, Microsoft, Dropbox, Pinterest, and Firefox. Python also prevents premature optimization. Moreover, the rapid enhancement in the data science field encouraged improvements in Python. It is trending more in universities than Javascript.
Advantages
- Readable code
- Multi-platform support
- Lesser lines of code.
- Scalability
Disadvantages
- 3d game development is infeasible
- Limited database access
Rust
Rust was introduced by Graydon Horace at Mozilla Firefox. It emphasizes performance, speed, and safety. Despite being relatively new, It gained popularity which speaks volumes of its power. According to Stack Overflow, Rust was the most-liked language, for four consecutive years. Just like C++, the language creates low-level systems. Examples of popular companies that use Rust are Coursera, Sentry, and Dropbox.
Advantages
- Highly capable of managing resources
- Easy integration with other languages like C
- Fast
Disadvantages
- Complex code
- Few libraries
PHP
PHP is a server-side scripting language, introduced in 1995. It is one of the most popular backend programming languages. It offers remarkable features used for creating dynamic web pages. For this reason, famous content management systems like WordPress underpin PHP. If you own an eCommerce business, then PHP is the language for you. Yahoo, Fikr, Wikipedia, tumbler, and much more use PHP for operations. Since its creation, there have been regular updates and its latest version is 7.4.5. The language offers easy integration with several databases and internal protocols.
Advantages
- Cross-platform compatibility
- Scalability
- Great debugging and testing automation tools
Disadvantages
- Not suitable for desktop applications.
- Slower as compared to other languages
- The poor error detection mechanism
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